Drones test volcanic gas readings to forecast Etna eruptions

Researchers in Sicily are testing drones to measure volcanic gases above Mount Etna's crater, according to the Local Italy. The unmanned aircraft hover near the volcano's edge and pause in front of laser beams positioned at the crater rim, gathering data on gas composition and concentration. The effort represents an attempt to harness drone technology and remote sensing to improve early warning systems for volcanic activity and potentially forecast eruptions before they occur.

The research reflects a broader international effort to understand volcanic behaviour and mitigate risk in regions where active volcanoes pose hazards to populated areas. Mount Etna's repeated eruptions—including the ongoing activity that has disrupted Catania Airport—underscore the stakes of improved forecasting. Early warning systems that can predict eruptions days or weeks in advance could allow authorities to evacuate populations, close airports and ports, and prepare emergency services before ash and lava pose immediate danger.